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The University of Chicago Graduate Library School (GLS) was established in 1928, to develop a program for the graduate education of librarians with a focus on research.〔Association of American Library Schools. ''New Frontiers in Librarianship; Proceedings of the Special Meeting of the Association of American Library Schools and the Board of Education for Librarianship of the American Library Association in Honor of the University of Chicago and the Graduate Library School, December 30, 1940.'' (): The Graduate library school, the University of Chicago, 1941.〕 Early in the 20th Century, the Carnegie Corporation of New York began offering grants to change the direction of library education and scholarship. Of particular interest was the creation of an institution analogous to the Harvard Law School or the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. The result was a sensation: the endowment in 1926, of a research-oriented Graduate Library School (GLS) at the University of Chicago offering only the Ph.D. degree.〔Buckland, Michael. "Documentation, Information Science and Library Science in the USA." ''Information Processing and Management'' 32, no. 1 (1996): 63-76.〕 GLS' emphasis on investigation would be fostered among students. Studies conducted at GLS and conferences held there provided a center for intellectual discussion of topics central to the development of 20th century librarianship. ''The Library Quarterly'', a scholarly journal focused on research, was launched in 1931, to provide an outlet for the publication of rigorous research. GLS faculty were among the most prominent researchers in librarianship in the twentieth century. The GLS was closed in 1989.〔"Chicago GLS to close." ''Library Journal'' 114, (February 15, 1989): 111.〕 Its quarters were in the Joseph Regenstein Library at the time of its closure. ==Structure and focus== The Graduate Library School (GLS) at the University of Chicago changed the structure and focus of education for librarianship in the twentieth century. Funded by the Carnegie Corporation the GLS set forth policies to establish an institution to educate students imbued with the spirit of investigation. Prior to establishment of the GLS education for librarians had been an apprenticeship model.〔Shera, Jesse Hauk. 1972. The foundations of education for librarianship. New York: Becker and Hayes.〕 Douglas Waples wrote of the policies that would differentiate “The Graduate Library School at Chicago” from schools in the apprenticeship mode. #The most important single responsibility of the School is to meet the standards of scholarship and research maintained by other graduate departments of the University, both in the character of work undertaken by the staff and by the research interests of its graduates. #The major aim is research, defined as "extending the existing body of factual knowledge concerning the values and procedures of libraries in their many aspects, and including the development of methods of investigation whereby significant data are obtained, tested, and applied." # The School can afford to take whatever time may be necessary for the definition and thorough investigation of fundamental problems. # The School allows other library schools to assume the responsibility for passing on to their students a body of principles and practices that have been found useful in the conduct of libraries. Such training is not a function of this School, but is an essential prerequisite for admission. # The School is primarily interested in a student body composed of persons attracted by the research facilities of the University as a whole and qualified by previous training and experience to undertake the investigation of problems significant to scholarship. # Not all of the studies undertaken by the School need be confined to research in its restricted meaning of "search for abstract principles." In many instances, they may more properly be called service studies, studies intended to increase the effectiveness of library service. # A deliberate attempt should be made to integrate the work of each student on the side of his library interest with the field or fields of related knowledge. Hence, fixed curricula and the building of high fences about intensive professional interests are both inappropriate. # The School should concentrate its efforts upon adding to the profession each year a few students who are thoroughly imbued with the spirit of investigation. Hence, the student body should probably never exceed five students to each staff member and should be confined as soon as possible to students who are candidates for the Doctor's degree or who are conducting studies that meet the accepted standards of the Doctor's thesis in respect to the methods of investigation employed. # An important function of the School is the preparation, collection, and publication of monographs whereby the results of significant studies are made available to the library profession. John V. Richardson, Jr.〔Richardson, J.V. (1982). ''The Spirit of Inquiry: The Graduate Library School at Chicago'', 1921- 51. Chicago: American Library Association.〕 has written of the establishment and the first 30 years of the GLS. Joyce M. Latham has written of the role of GLS faculty in the development of the Chicago Public Library noting "In their final report on the status of CPL, ''A Metropolitan Library in Action'', Carleton B. Joeckel and Leon Carnovsky devoted significant attention to the role of the public library in adult education." 〔Latham, J. M. (2011). Memorial Day to Memorial Library: The South Chicago Branch Library as cultural terrain, 1937–1947. Libraries & the Cultural Record, 46(3), 321–342.〕 A list of the Dissertations, Theses, and Papers demonstrates the range of early inquiry.〔Dissertation, Theses, and Papers of the Graduate Library School, University of Chicago, 1930-1945: A Bibliography. , 1946. Print.〕 The faculty of the GLS were innovators in the use of computers for library functions. In 1982 Don Swanson described the Microsystem for Interactive Bibliographuic Searching (MIRABILIS) for the general library community in ''Library Journal'' 〔 Swanson, Don R. 1982. "Miracles, Microcomputers, and Librarians". ''Library Journal.'' 107, no. 11: 1055-59.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「University of Chicago Graduate Library School」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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